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Children and Young People in a World of AIDS looks at HIV/AIDS-related issues affecting the 11.8 million children and young people who are living with HIV/AIDS in the world today.
Special sections focus on young people and AIDS, orphans and children in a world of AIDS, preventing mother-to-child transmission, background information, the latest statistics and possible ways to best address the issues in the future. Special attention is given to the targets related to young people and HIV/AIDS set out in the Declaration of Commitment adopted at the UN Special Session on HIV/AIDS, held in June 2001, are also highlighted.
Excerpts from page 9 of the report:
- In 2000 alone, an estimated 600 000 infants acquired HIV—over 90% of them through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). About 90% of those infections occurred in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV can be transmitted to an infant during pregnancy, labour and delivery or breastfeeding.
- The risk of transmission varies between 15% and 30% among infants who are not breastfed. Breastfeeding increases the risk of transmission by 10–15%.
- Mother-to-child transmission in the developed world has been virtually eliminated thanks to effective voluntary counseling and testing, access to combination antiretroviral therapy or use of long-term regimens of MTCT prevention, safe delivery practices (including elective caesarean sections), and the widespread availability of breast-milk substitutes.
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