References and Commentary

Each reference (or group of references) has been chosen by a member of the Advisory Committee on Child Health and Nutrition (ACCHN) for its usefulness to website visitors who are interested in the scientific aspects of child nutrition. The commentary accompanying the reference is not a summary of the paper but explains why the ACCHN member considers the reference interesting or useful. The visitor may then decide to obtain a summary or a copy of the full paper from a library, the ’Pub Med’ system or the web site of the journal.

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Impact of micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy on birth weight, duration of gestation and perinatal mortality in rural western China: double blind cluster randomized controlled trial	2009/01
Home fortification of complementary foods with micronutrient supplements is well accepted and has positive effects on infant iron status in Ghana	2008/12
Trials, cohorts and reviews in nutritional research	2008/12
Alpha-lactalbumin-rich infant formula fed to healthy term infants in a multicenter study: improvement of plasma essential amino acids and of gastrointestinal tolerance	2008/12
Persistent epigenetic differences associated with prenatal exposure to famine in humans	2008/12
Maternal fish intake during pregnancy and breastfeeding duration increase early childhood development	2008/12
Early insulin therapy in very-low-birth-weight infants	2008/11
The prevalence of shortness, underweight, and overweight among US children using the CDC 2000 and the WHO 2006 growth charts	2008/11
Socioeconomic status and breastfeeding—widening of differences in Australia	2008/11
Prevention of Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiency in Infants, Children, and Adolescents	2008/11
Early growth and later risk of obesity: three papers	2008/10
Probiotics	2008/10
Higher dose of docosahexaenoic acid in the neonatal period improves visual acuity of preterm infants: results of a randomized controlled trial	2008/10
Complementary Foods in Infancy	2008/10
The roles of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy, lactation and infancy: review of current knowledge and consensus recommendations	2008/09
Effect of supplementing pregnant and lactating mothers with n-3 very-long-chain fatty acids on children’s IQ and body mass index at 7 years of age	2008/09
Overestimation of infant and toddler energy intake by 24-h recall compared with weighed food records	2008/09
Does initial breastfeeding lead to lower blood cholesterol in adult life? A quantitative review of the evidence	2008/09
Are universal standards for optimal infant growth appropriate?	2008/09
Implications of adopting the WHO 2006 Child Growth Standard in the UK	2008/09
Possible B12 deficiency in early infancy?	2008/09
How much loss to follow-up is acceptable in long-term randomised trials and prospective studies?	2008/08
Targeting of food assistance and behaviour change and communication for reduction of childhood undernutrition	2008/08
Essential n–3 fatty acids in pregnant women and early visual acuity maturation in term infants	2008/08
Vitamin D and Health in the 21st Century: an Update	2008/08
Effects of energy density and feeding frequency of complementary foods on total daily energy intakes and consumption of breast milk by healthy breastfed Bangladeshi children	2008/07
Early supplementation of human milk with docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid improves cognitive development among preterm infants	2008/07
Growth and Nutrient Intakes of Human Milk–Fed Preterm Infants Provided With Extra Energy and Nutrients After Hospital Discharge	2008/07
Does Rapid Growth in Infancy and Childhood Increase Risk of Later Obesity?	2008/06
Visual function in later childhood and nutrition in early life	2008/06
Soy Protein-based Formulas: Recommendations for Use in Infant Feeding	2008/05
Oral zinc reduces the duration and severity of acute and persistent diarrhea: a meta-analysis	2008/05
Breastfed babies have significantly higher total cholesterol in the first 6 months of life	2008/05
Obesity in children of developing countries - recent papers and some previous reviews	2008/05
Effects of α-lactalbumin–enriched formula containing different concentrations of glycomacropeptide on infant nutrition	2008/04
Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of preterm infants on disease risk and neurodevelopment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials	2008/04
Prospective Birth Cohort Study LISA: no evidence supporting a delayed introduction of solids beyond 4 or 6 months for the prevention of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food or inhalant sensitization at the age of 6 years	2008/04
Impact of an early weighing policy on neonatal hypernatraemic dehydration and breast feeding	2008/04
Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults	2008/03
Impact of nutritional status at the onset of elementary school on later educational situation in Chile	2008/03
Vitamin D deficiency and diabetes	2008/03
Early food intake and later obesity risk	2008/03
Maternal and Child Undernutrition	2008/03
Effect of Maternal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Fetal loss and infant Death in Indonesia: a Double-blind Cluster-randomised Trial	2008/03
The Effect of Early Human Diet on Caudate volumes and IQ	2008/03
Early food intake and later obesity risk	2008/03
Breast milk for preterm babies	2008/03
Improving child survival through environmental and nutritional interventions: the importance of targeting interventions toward the poor	2008/02
Milk consumption during pregnancy is associated with increased infant size at birth: prospective cohort study	2008/02
Early Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Acceptance	2008/02
Evidence for a strong genetic influence on childhood adiposity despite the force of the obesogenic environment	2008/02
Obesity- still highly heritable after all these years	2008/02
Two-Year Morbidity–Mortality and Alternatives to Prolonged Breast-Feeding among Children Born to HIV-Infected Mothers in Côte d'Ivoire	2008/01
Bacterial Contamination and Over-Dilution of Commercial Infant Formula Prepared by HIV-Infected Mothers in a Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Programme, South Africa	2008/01
Effects of Early Nutritional Interventions on the Development of Atopic Disease in Infants and Children: The role of Maternal Dietary Restriction, Breastfeeding, Timing of Introduction of Complementary Foods, and Hydrolyzed Formulas	2008/01
Synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in preterm newborns fed formula with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids	2008/01
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and islet autoimmunity in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes	2008/01
Moderation of breastfeeding effects on the IQ by genetic variation in fatty acid metabolism.	2008/01
New Statement from ESPGHAN concerning introduction of complementary feeds	2008/01
Effects of prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding on child height, weight, adiposity, and blood pressure at age 6.5 y: evidence from a large randomized trial	2007/12
No effect of prolonged and exclusive breast feeding on risk of allergy and asthma: cluster randomised trial	2007/12
Attention behavior and hyperactivity at age 4 and duration of breast-feeding	2007/11
Preliminary Data from Demographic and Health Surveys on Infant Feeding in 20 Developing Countries	2007/11
Gastrointestinal parasitic infections: vitamin A and zinc supplementations act differently according to parasite	2007/11
Infant feeding in the second 6 months of life: breast and cows’ milk feeding are associated with higher levels of anaemia	2007/11
Birth weight; postnatal, infant and childhood growth; and obesity in young adulthood: evidence from the Barry Caerphilly Growth Study	2007/10
Protein intake during the period of complementary feeding and early childhood and the association with body mass index and percentage body fat at 7 y of age	2007/10
Treatment by zinc might worsen the condition in case of severe pneumonia of bacterial origin	2007/10
Current nutritional papers in Archive of Diseases of Childhood	2007/10
trans Octadecenoic acid and trans octadecadienoic acid are inversely related to long-chain polyunsaturates in human milk	2007/09
Birth weight, postnatal growth, and risk for high blood pressure at 7 years of age	2007/09
Bleeding in the newborn due to vitamin K deficiency -- becoming less common but should not occur at all	2007/09
Long-chain n–6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast milk decrease the risk of HIV transmission through breastfeeding	2007/09
Webcast of Symposium, “Breastfeeding and Atopic Disease” held at the 2007 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Nutrition	2007/08
Management of gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children—uncertainty and difference of opinion	2007/08
Management of malnutrition in the community	2007/07
Increased dietary intake of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis.	2007/07
Effect of fish oil supplementation on fatty acid status, coordination, and fine motor skills in children with phenylketonuria.	2007/07
Effects of portion size and energy density on young children's intake at a meal	2007/07
Doubling the doses of vitamin A to mothers and their young infants is safe but unlikely to reduce short-term morbidity or to substantially enhance the biochemical vitamin A status of infants at age 6 months.	2007/07
A Meta-analysis of the Role of Zinc Administration in Prevention of Childhood Diarrhea and Respiratory Illnesses	2007/07
Interactions between breast-feeding, specific parental atopy, and sex on development of asthma and atopy	2007/06
Weight gain during infancy as a contributing factor in development of obesity later in life	2007/06
AMA Recommendations to Fight Childhood and Adolescent Obesity	2007/06
Docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid concentrations in human breast milk worldwide.	2007/06
Maternal consumption of a docosahexaenoic acid-containing functional food during pregnancy: benefit for infant performance on problem-solving but not on recognition memory tasks at age 9 mo.	2007/06
Operational implications of using 2006 World Health Organization growth standards in nutrition programmes: secondary data analysis.	2007/06
Management of severe acute malnutrition in childhood	2007/06
The association between infant feeding practices and subsequent atopy among children with a family history of asthma	2007/05
Is birth weight a risk factor for ischemic heart disease in later life?	2007/05
Maternal intake of vitamin D during pregnancy and risk of recurrent wheeze or asthma in children	2007/05
Lack of effect of zinc supplementation on mortality in children aged 1–48 months in a community-based randomised placebo-controlled trial	2007/04
Zinc during and in convalescence from diarrhea has no demonstrable effect on subsequent morbidity and anthropometric status among infants < 6 mo of age	2007/04
Does avoidance of breast feeding reduce mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection?	2007/04
Devastating fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in childhood and young adulthood	2007/04
Soy protein for infant feeding: What do we know?	2007/04
Maternal diet during pregnancy in relation to eczema and allergic sensitization in the offspring at 2 y of age	2007/04
Lactobacillus reuteri (American Type Culture Collection Strain 55730) Versus Simethicone in the Treatment of Infantile Colic: A Prospective Randomized Study	2007/04
Comparison of the WHO child growth standards and the CDC 2000 growth charts	2007/03
Risks and Benefits of Fish Consumption During Pregnancy	2007/03
Maternal HIV and infant feeding	2007/03
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children and adherence to American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations	2007/03
Beneficial effect of bovine lactoferrin supplementation on lower respiratory tract illnesses and hematocrit	2007/03
Postnatal factors associated with failure to thrive in term infants	2007/02
Early child development: Nutrition and related factors	2007/02
Prebiotics and probiotics beneficial or deleterious in the prevention of allergy: Literature discrepancies	2007/02
Fortified milk is efficient on morbidity in young children in North India	2007/02
Advances in Meeting the Nutritional Needs of Infants Worldwide	2007/02
Nutrient-enriched formula for preterm infants inefficient after hospital discharge	2007/02
Children with chronic iron deficiency in infancy could not be able to catch up to children with good iron status in cognitive scores over time.	2007/02
Microbiota in obese subjects might differ from a 'lean’ microbiota	2007/02
Identifying predictors of iron deficiency in infants	2007/02
Rectal bleeding in infancy: a phenomenon still poorly understood	2007/02
Timing of initial exposure to cereal grains and the risk of wheat allergy	2007/02
Factors influencing the composition of the intestinal microbiota in early infancy	2007/02
No strong effect of breastfeeding on infant eczema in the first year of life	2007/02
A Recent Relevant Article from the British Medical Journal	2007/02
The Use and Interpretation of Growth Measurements in Clinical and Public Health Practice	2007/01
Infant nutrition and stereoacuity at age 4–6 y.	2007/01
Iron supplementation in early childhood: health benefits and risks	2006/12
The role of probiotics and prebiotics in pediatric practice	2006/12
Determinants of overweight in a cohort of Dutch children.	2006/11
Associations of size at birth and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures of lean and fat mass at 9 to 10 y of age.	2006/11
Does breastfeeding influence risk of type 2 diabetes in later life? A quantitative analysis of published evidence.	2006/11
Rectal bleeding in Infancy: a largely unexplained condition	2006/10
Predictors of breastfeeding duration: the need for anticipatory guidance	2006/10
Growth in the neonatal intensive care unit influences outcomes of premature infants	2006/10
Recent Relevant Articles from Pediatrics	2006/10
Contrasting papers concerning breast feeding, early child development and later intelligence	2006/10
Zinc supplementation does not affect growth, morbidity, or motor development of US term breastfed infants at 4–10 mo of age	2006/09
Recent papers on nutritional child health in an affluent country - Canada	2006/08
Recent Relevant Articles from Pediatrics	2006/08
Later overweight and breastfeeding--differing views and confounding factors	2006/07
Comments on US Breastfeeding Controversy	2006/07
References from the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS)	2006/07
Breast-Feed or Else	2006/06
Probiotic use in clinical practice: what are the risks?	2006/06
Allergy, Probiotics and Prebiotics	2006/06
Recent Relevant Articles and Letters to the Editor from Pediatrics	2006/06
Recent papers concerning the relationships of paediatricians with the infant food industry	2006/05
Zinc Supplementation	2006/05
Progress for Children Report	2006/05
Effects of varied energy density of complementary foods on breast-milk intakes and total energy consumption by healthy, breastfed Bangladeshi children	2006/04
Docosahexaenoic Acid in Red Blood Cells of Term Infants Receiving Two Levels of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids	2006/04
Duration of breastfeeding and risk of overweight: a meta-analysis	2006/04
How protective is breast feeding against diarrhoeal disease in infants in 1990s England?	2006/04
Correspondence Related to Milk versus medicine for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in hospitalised infants	2006/03
Being big or growing fast: systematic review of size and growth in infancy and later obesity	2006/03
Effect of ferroportin Q248H polymorphism on iron status in African children	2006/03
Breast milk fatty acids and allergic disease in preschool children: The Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy birth cohort study	2006/03
Upward weight percentile crossing in infancy and early childhood independently predicts fat mass in young adults: the Stockholm Weight Development Study (SWEDES)	2006/02
Trajectories of Growth Among Children Who Have Coronary Events as Adults.	2006/02
Weight monitoring and breast feeding in the newborn baby	2006/01
Zinc supplementation and psychosocial stimulation: effects on the development of undernourished Jamaican children.	2006/01
Protein requirements in preterm infants: effect of different levels of protein intake on growth and body composition	2006/01
Do baby-friendly hospitals influence breastfeeding duration on a national level?	2005/12
Comparison of the effect of two systems for the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding	2005/12
Duration of lactation and incidence of Type 2 Diabetes	2005/12
Coeliac Disease (CD) and Breastfeeding	2005/12
The new global standards for infant formulas	2005/12
Acta Paediatrica 2005 Supplement 449	2005/12
Effect of Lactobacillus GG on intestinal integrity in Malawian children at risk of tropical enteropathy	2005/11
Infant Feeding	2005/11
Dietary Recommendations for Children and Adolescents- A Guide for Practitioners: Consensus Statement from the American Heart Association.	2005/11
DHA Supplementation	2005/11
Randomized Trial of Donor Human Milk Versus Preterm Formula as Substitutes for Mothers’ Own Milk in the Feeding of Extremely Premature Infants	2005/11
Chronic Conditions, Functional Limitations, and Special Health Care Needs of School-aged Children Born With Extremely Low-Birth-Weight in the 1990s.	2005/11
How much protein is safe?	2005/10
Fat and energy contents of milk expressed from breast milk of mothers lactating more that one year	2005/10
Milk versus medicine for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in hospitalised infants	2005/10
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids	2005/09
Probiotics and Allergy	2005/09
Breastfeeding and overweight: longitudinal analysis in an Australian birth cohort	2005/09
Lactobacillus paracasei strain ST11 has no effect on rotavirus but ameliorates the outcome of nonrotavirus diarrhea in children from Bangladesh	2005/09
Effect of Infant Feeding on the Risk of Obesity Across the Life Course	2005/08
Randomized controlled trials, meta-analysis and evidence based medicine	2005/08
A follow-up study of nutrient intake, nutritional status, and growth in infants with cow milk allergy fed either a soy-formula or an exetensively hydrolyzed whey formula.	2005/07
Ghrelin, Leptin and IGF-I levels in breastfed and formula-fed infants in the first year of life.	2005/07
Micronutrient Supplementation During Infancy	2005/07
Effect of intrauterine growth restriction on the number of cardiomyocytes in rat hearts.	2005/07
Associations between prenatal and infancy weight gain and BMI, fat mass, and fat distribution in young adulthood	2005/07
Nutrients that potentially affect preterm development	2005/07
Energy Density of Complementary Foods	2005/07
Glutamine in Infant Nutrition	2005/07
LC-PUFA-Supplementation of Infant Formulas	2005/07
References on Breastfeeding	2005/06
Effects of early cholesterol intake on cholesterol biosynthesis and plasma lipids among infants until 18 months of age.	2005/06
Divergent views on the indications and role of oral food challenges in allergy	2005/06
High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women and their newborns in northern India	2005/05
Factor analysis of clustered cardiovascular risks in adolescence: obesity is the predominant correlate of risk among youth.	2005/05
Vitamins and neurological problems in the newborn	2005/05
Whole Cow's Milk	2005/04
Serum transferrin receptor and zinc protoporphyrin as indicators of iron status in African children.	2005/04
Making the Choice: the Translation of Global HIV and Infant Feeding Policy to Local Practice among Mothers in Pune, India	2005/04
Vitamin supplements in preterm babies	2005/04
Breastfeeding the preterm infant	2005/04
Maternal Phenylketonuria	2005/02
Sodium iron EDTA [NaFe(III)EDTA] as a food fortificant	2005/02
The relation of childhood BMI to adult adiposity	2005/02
Associations between prenatal and infancy weight gain and BMI, fat mass, and fat distribution in young adulthood	2005/02
Three references on breastfeeding and childhood obesity	2005/02
Iron deficiency due to low iron bioavailability in diets	2005/01
Probiotics are beneficial in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight infants.	2005/01
Reviews of vitamin D deficiency	2005/01
Taurine in infant formulas	2004/12
Breastfeeding and risk of inflammatory bowel disease	2004/11
Determination of iron absorption from intrinsically labeled microencapsulated ferrous fumarate (sprinkles) in infants with different iron and hematologic status by using a dual-stable-isotope method.	2004/11
Feeding the preterm infant	2004/11
Feeding effects on growth during infancy	2004/11
Iron and zinc supplementation promote motor development and exploratory behavior among Bangladeshi infants.	2004/10
Age of weaning	2004/09
A community-based randomized controlled trial of iron and zinc supplementation in Indonesian infants: effects on growth and development	2004/09
Does weaning influence growth and health up to 18 months?	2004/08
Several References Relevant to Rickets	2004/08
Effect of bottles, cups, and dummies on breast feeding in preterm infants: a randomised controlled trial	2004/08
Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents	2004/07
Impact of the Mexican Program for Education, Health, and Nutrition (Progresa) on Rates of Growth and Anemia in Infants and Young Children	2004/07
Flavor Programming During Infancy	2004/07
Early Infant Multivitamin Supplementation is Associated with Increased Risk for Food Allergy and Asthma	2004/07
Diet and blood pressure in two and a half-year-old Danish children	2004/07
Birth weight, weight at one year of age, and body composition in older men	2004/07
Effect of breast-feeding on the development of atopic dermatitis during the first three years of life	2004/07
Micronutrients and growth	2004/07
Lifestyle factors and the development of bone mass and bone strength in young women	2004/07
Zinc supplementation helps in recovery from pneumonia	2004/06
Exclusive Breastfeeding in the First Six Months	2004/06
Screening for nutritionally related disorders	2004/06
Infant feeding practices in Western Tanzania and Uganda: implications for infant feeding recommendations for HIV-infected mothers	2004/05
Systematic review of transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants	2004/04
Growth in the early weeks of life	2004/04
Two papers on the relationship between child growth and adult diabetes	2004/04
Four references on early infant feeding practices	2004/04
The Start Healthy Feeding Guidelines	2004/03
Catch up growth (Three References and Commentary from two members of ACCN)	2004/03
Protein Intake at nine months of Age is Associated With Body Size But Not With Body Fat in Ten-year Old Danish Children	2004/03
Assessment of Growth of Formula-Fed Infants: Evolutionary Considerations	2004/02
The Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS)	2004/02
Rickets	2004/02
Does Breastfeeding Protect Against Pediatric Overweight?	2004/02
Long-term consumption of infant formulas containing live probiotic bacteria: tolerance and safety	2004/01
Proposed Nutrient Composition for Fortified Complementary Foods	2004/01
Nutrition and low birth weight: from research to practice	2004/01
Vitamin K -- what, why and when	2004/01
Occurrence of Enterobacter sakazakii in food production environments and households.	2004/01
Growth of Breast-Fed Infants Deviates From Current Reference Data: A Pooled Analysis of US, Canadian, and European Data Sets	2003/12
Early Diet and Type 1 Diabetes	2003/12
Two References from Acta Paediatrica	2003/12
Zinc intake of US preschool children exceeds new dietary reference intakes	2003/12
Early Vitamin A Saves Infant Lives	2003/11
High prevalence of celiac disease in Finland	2003/11
Exclusive Breastfeeding in Developing Countries	2003/10
Childhood Obesity	2003/10
Improving Growth of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in the First 28 Days	2003/09
Earlier smoking habits are associated with higher serum lipids and lower milk fat and polyunsaturated fatty acid content in the first 6 months of lactation.	2003/08
Infant growth and health outcomes associated with 3 compared with 6 mo of exclusive breastfeeding.	2003/08
Nutritional evaluation of protein hydrolysate formulas in healthy term infants	2003/08
Donor human milk versus formula for preventing necrotising entercolitis in preterm infants	2003/08
Effects of weaning cereals with different phytate contents on hemoglobin, iron stores, and serum zinc	2003/07
Food allergen avoidance in the prevention of food allergy in infants and children	2003/07
Maternal obesity and breast-feeding practices.	2003/06
Recent interesting papers concerning breastfeeding	2003/06
Breast Milk and Breastfed Infants: Implications for Improving Infant Formula.	2003/06
Rickets Continues to Attract Attention Throughout the World	2003/06
Hypermatraemia In the First Few Days: Is the Incidence Rising?	2003/03
Iron supplementation affects growth and morbidity of breast fed infants	2003/01
Morbidity and mortality in breast fed and formula fed infants of HIV infected women	2003/01
US National Surveillance of Breast Feeding Behaviour	2002/12
Reference data for bone density and body composition in white children and young adults.	2002/10